Somalia exemplifies the profound human cost of global warming, where climate-induced displacement is an escalating crisis. The nation’s heavy reliance on agriculture—employing approximately 80% of its workforce—makes it particularly vulnerable to climate events such as droughts and floods.

Case Study: Drought and Displacement

In recent years, Somalia has experienced severe droughts leading to significant displacement. For instance, in 2022, extreme dry conditions and water shortages forced about 68,000 people to leave their homes between January and June.

Case Study: Flooding and Urban Migration

Conversely, flooding has also been a major driver of displacement. In 2019, cyclones and floods displaced more than 1.3 million Somalis, surpassing the numbers displaced by drought or conflict that year. Many of those affected sought refuge in urban areas like Mogadishu, where they often face precarious living conditions.

Challenges in Urban Settings

Displaced individuals in urban centers frequently encounter inadequate housing, limited access to basic services, and competition for scarce resources. The influx of displaced populations strains existing infrastructure and can exacerbate tensions with host communities.

International Response and Ongoing Needs

The international community has recognized the urgency of addressing climate-induced displacement in Somalia. Efforts are underway to develop durable solutions that encompass humanitarian aid, development support, and climate adaptation strategies. However, the scale of the crisis necessitates sustained attention and resources to effectively support displaced populations and build resilience against future climate shocks.

In summary, climate change poses a significant threat to Somalia, with droughts and floods leading to widespread displacement. Addressing this issue requires a multifaceted approach that includes immediate relief efforts and long-term strategies to enhance resilience and adaptation to climate impacts.